摩托车头盔法废除后头部受伤增加

根据匹兹堡学习大学在8月份发布美国公共卫生杂志，可在6月12日在线提供。即使在此期间发生的摩托车登记的增加后，研究作者也指出头部损伤死亡人数增加32％，并且头部伤害相关住院治疗的增加42％，提高了对摩托车手的安全问题这种趋势对医疗费用的影响。

宾夕法尼亚州于2003年废除了其普遍的摩托车头盔法。根据本法，只有21岁以下的摩托车手和骑手，戴着安全课程需要不到两年的经验。

研究作者分析了2001 - 2002年和2004-2005年宾夕法尼亚州卫生和运输部门的数据。他们发现据报道的摩托车人员的盔甲用途从被废除后两年的崩溃减少到58％。作者还研究了来自头部伤害和非头部损伤死亡的数据，以便特别是由佩戴头盔引起的死亡人数。他们发现注册调整后的头部损伤死亡率增加了32％，而非头部损伤死亡率没有变化。

"Our study shows that since the repeal of Pennsylvania's motorcycle helmet law, helmet use has gone down, while head injuries from motorcycle crashes have gone up, even after increased motorcycle registration," said Kristen Mertz, M.D., M.P.H., study lead author and assistant professor, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health. "We looked at both head injuries and non-head injuries to get a clearer picture of the impact of the helmet law repeal. The relatively large increase in head injury deaths and hospitalizations after the repeal suggests that the law was protecting riders."

该研究作者通过审查来自国家的所有急性护理医院汇编的放电数据，从摩托车崩溃的每10,000名注册表。他们发现头部损伤住院率增加了42％，非头部损伤住院率增加了2％。在废除后，需要进一步护理的头部受伤的住院摩托车手进一步关心的摩托车手在康复后的87％增加了87％，而非头部受伤的摩托车手增加了16％。

摩托车相关的头部受伤的总急性护理医院收费在废除后两年增加了132％，而非头部伤害的69％。

"Our findings strengthen the argument for more comprehensive helmet laws that help protect riders and lower the cost of health care," said Hank Weiss, Ph.D., M.P.H., study co-author and associate professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Center for Injury Research and Control, University of Pittsburgh. "Serious head injuries, causing anything from short-term memory loss, inability to concentrate to coma and death, can severely impact quality of life and affect not just those injured, but their families as well. Until a universal helmet law is reinstated, Pennsylvania needs effective voluntary strategies to increase helmet use."

自1975年以来，摩托车头盔法律在全国范围内削弱了全国范围内，当联邦政府在没有此类法规的情况下停止扣留公路的公路资金。现在只有20个州有需要所有骑手佩戴头盔的法律。

资料来源：匹兹堡大学

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